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Implemented as part of Activity 3 of the Â鶹ÊÓƵ Egypt Country Strategic Plan 2023¨C2028, the AF2 project activities were intended to contribute to two outcomes designed to achieving sustainable food security for the targeted communities via climate adaptation activities: Outcome 1: Enhanced resilience capacities of target rural communities in Southern Egypt in the face of anticipated climate impacts on food through knowledge and technology transfer; and Outcome 2: Climate adaptation institutionalised in government and non-governmental stakeholders¡¯ practices.

Overall, the evaluation concluded that the AF project is highly relevant to the inhabitants of Upper Egypt, particularly through high-impact interventions like climate-smart solar-powered irrigation and land consolidation. These interventions have clearly contributed to a visible change in the lives of farmers (women and men). Beneficiaries reported higher productivity, diversified livelihoods, and climate adaptation, with satisfaction rates exceeding 90% and beneficiaries noting that income increases are supporting expenditures for food, education, health, and household needs. Targeting smallholders ensured integrated support and first-time access to resources for 90% of beneficiaries, reducing structural inequities and fostering inclusion.

The evaluation makes eight recommendations:

1. Strengthen institutional sustainability and collective governance of land consolidation and agricultural activities;
2. Enhance water governance and water user associations capacity through climate adaptive irrigation solutions;
3. Scale and diversify livelihoods interventions;
4. Strengthen and sustain community development associations institutional capacity and define the strategic role;
5. Promote women¡¯s engagement in non-traditional economic sectors;
6. Adopt a phased scaling approach;
7. Inclusion of people with disabilities; 
8. Secure adequate long-term operational and technical support for new complex adaptive solutions.